Buffer is the third model in the Bronsted-Lowry Acid-Base Package. It models the characteristics of a buffered solution that contains equal amounts of a weak acid and its conjugate base. Users can add both acid and base to the solution to discover why buffers resist changes in pH. Activities in the info window provide guidance to discover the basis for buffering capacity and buffering range.

For detailed instructions on using the program, take a look at the info window from the Buffer model.