; NetLogo Model: COPYING & ASSOCIATING-2. globals [block ; stops model. list11 list12 list13 list14 list15 list16 ; words in the memory relating to puzzle 1. list21 list22 list23 list24 list25 list26 ; words in the memory relating to puzzle 2. Em Mon Mon+1 ; iteration variables Emotion & Motivation. n ; number of steps (or intervals) in a search for an answer word. t ; number of time/iteration steps. d ; simulating thinking delay a function of n and Em. ] to startup ca ; clear all. show "PLEASE HIDE THIS COMMAND CENTER see TOOLS" ; Command Center is not used. set block true ; avoids runtime error. if user-yes-or-no? "setup the model?"[ca setup] end to setup ; The crossword display. ct cp ; clear all. ask patches[set pcolor 9.9] ; whitens display. crt 1 ask turtle 0[ ; forms squares ht lt 90 fd 2.5 rt 90 bk 3.5 set color 0 repeat 5[pd fd 7 bk 7 rt 90 pu fd 1 lt 90 pd fd 7] pu bk 7 rt 90 fd 1 lt 90 fd 1 lt 90 repeat 5[pd fd 7 bk 7 rt 90 pu fd 1 lt 90 pd fd 7]] ; forms squares. ask patch -3 3[set pcolor 0]ask patch -1 3[set pcolor 0]ask patch 1 3[set pcolor 0] ; fills squares black ask patch 3 3[set pcolor 0]ask patch -3 1[set pcolor 0]ask patch -1 1[set pcolor 0] ask patch 1 1[set pcolor 0]ask patch 3 1[set pcolor 0]ask patch -3 -1[set pcolor 0] ask patch -1 -1[set pcolor 0]ask patch 1 -1[set pcolor 0]ask patch 3 -1[set pcolor 0] ask patch -3 -3[set pcolor 0]ask patch -1 -3[set pcolor 0]ask patch 1 -3[set pcolor 0] ask patch 3 -3[set pcolor 0] ; fills squares black. ask patch -2 3[sprout-1]ask patch 0 3[sprout-1]ask patch 2 3[sprout-1] ; sprouts turtles with red ask patch -3 2[sprout-1]ask patch -3 0[sprout-1]ask patch -3 -2[sprout-1] ; "who" numbers for the clues. set n 0 set t 0 set Em 0.5 set Mon 0.5 ; start settings. ; words used in solving puzzle 1. set list11[ "FONDLE""PET""DANDLE""SPOON""HUG""STROKE""CARESS""NECK" "BIND""BOND""FIX""GLUE""LASH""FASTEN""ATTACH""TIE" "TOGETHER makes NECKTIE" "DRESSES""IMPROVES APPEARANCE" "NECKTIE DRESSES A SHIRT"] set list12[ "CHESS PIECE""KING""QUEEN""KNIGHT""BISHOP""CASTLE""ROOK""MAN" "MEETING""ASSIGNATION""APPOINTMENT""GET TOGETHER""TRYST""DATE" "INSTRUCTS""COMMAND""ORDER""TELL""COMMISSION""MANDATE"] set list13["TOO SHORT""INSUFFICIENCY""PAUCITY""NONE TO SPARE""NOT ENOUGH TO""TO" "HOSPITAL ROOMS""TREATMENT ROOMS""SURGERIES""OPERATING THEATRES""CLINICS""WARDS" "ARE IN THE DIRECTION""THAT WAY""SIGNPOST""OVER THERE""TO THERE""TOWARDS"] set list14["MILLION""BILLION""TRILLION""MEGA" "SCORE 100""CENTURY""TON" "MAKING FOR MEGATON" "A VERY HEAVY WEIGHT""MEGATON"] set list15[ "SLIDE""CHILDREN'S GAME""ON ICE""ON GREASE""SLIP""SKID" "WITH KITCHEN UTENSIL""KETTLE""SAUCEPAN""FRYPAN""PAN" "TESTS DRIVERS"] set list16[ "CROSSING CURRENTS IN""A WATER""A RIVER""A SEA" "A SHORT EPITAPH""INSCRIPTION""IN MEMORIAM""REST IN PEACE""RIP" "WITH UPSET DIET""STOMACH PAIN""TRAVEL SICKNESS""EDIT""TIED""TIDE" "CROSSING CURRENTS IN A""RIPTIDE"] ;words used in solving puzzle 2. set list21[ "FORSAKE""LEAVE""DESERT""GIVE UP""PART WITH""RELINQUISH""FORGO""FORGET""ABANDON" "FROM FORBID""EXCEPT""SHUT OUT""VETO""DISALLOW""BAR""BAN" "EMBRACED BY""A NOBLE SPANIARD""A DON" "FORSAKE FROM""BAN""EMBRACED BY A DON""ABANDON"] set list22[ "A HOOFER""A DANCER""A STEPPER" "FOUND IN STEP""FOUND IN STEP PERHAPS" "A HOOFER IS A STEPPER"] set list23[ "ADD AROUND""APPEND""TOTTED""SUM""TOTAL""ADDING""ADD""A-DD""AD-D" "THIS PLACE""LOCALITY""TOWN""COMMUNITY""AREA""HERE" "BECOMES STUCK""FIXED""CAUGHT""HELD""GLUED""ADHERED"] set list24[ "ARRANGE TO MAKE""PLAN""ORGANIZE""SET UP""TRANSFORM""ADAPT""CHANGE""SHUFFLE" "DEBIT BE""BITBEED""BEDBITE""DIETBEB""BEETBID""BIDEBET""TIDEBEB""EBBTIDE" "A WATER RETREAT""A WATERSIDE PLACE OF WITHDRAWAL" "AN EBBTIDE IS A WATER RETREAT"] set list25[ "PREVIOUS SPEEDING""SPEEDING EARLIER""SPEEDING BEFORE""SPED" "BROKEN BY""STOPPED AND STARTED""INTERRUPTED" "BRIEF SLEEP""INTERRUPTED SLEEP""NAP" "SPED INTERRUPTED BY NAP IS BROKEN OR""SNAPPED"] set list26[ "A MESSAGE""A CALL""A LETTER""A NOTE" "ALLOWED""CONSENT GIVEN""FREED""PERMITTED""LET" "A SHORT NOTE IS""NOTELET"] end ;Sprouts turtles with "who" numbers to make red clue numbers,(see in SETUP above). to sprout-1 sprout 1[set size 0.1 set color 9.9 set heading 0 set label who set label-color red fd 0.4] end ; PROCEDURES INVOLVED IN SOLVING a cryptic crossword. ; by finding an answer word that is associated with the clue word because it is nearby in the memory ; and that the answer word is of the correct length; also that shared letters are correct; ; also moving chosen words to be more closely associated with the clue words. to solve-puzzle-1 output-print""output-write "puzzle 1 clue 1" output-print""output-write sublist list11 0 8 set n 8 recall output-print""output-write sublist list11 8 16 set n 8 recall output-print""output-write sublist list11 16 17 set n 1 recall output-print""output-write sublist list11 17 19 set n 2 recall output-print""output-write sublist list11 19 20 set n 1 recall ifelse length "NECKTIE" = 7 [output-print""output-write "Comment: NECKTIE length is 7. It solves clue 1"recall enter-11 output-print""output-write fput "NECK" remove-item (8 - 1)sublist list11 0 8 output-write"ASSOCIATED choice"recall output-print""output-write fput "TIE" remove-item (8 - 1)sublist list11 8 16 output-write"ASSOCIATED choice"recall][] output-print""output-write "puzzle 1 clue 4" output-print""output-write sublist list14 0 4 set n 4 recall output-print""output-write sublist list14 4 7 set n 3 recall output-print""output-write sublist list14 7 8 set n 1 recall output-print""output-write sublist list14 8 10 set n 2 recall ifelse length "MEGATON" = 7 and item 1 "MEGATON" = "E"[output-print""output-write "Comment: MEGATON length is 7 and letter E is shared. It solves clue 4"recall enter-14 output-print""output-write fput "MEGA" remove-item (4 - 1)sublist list14 0 4 output-write"ASSOCIATED choice"recall output-print""output-write fput "TON" remove-item (3 - 1)sublist list14 4 7 output-write"ASSOCIATED choice"recall][] output-print""output-write "puzzle 1 clue 2" output-print""output-write sublist list12 0 8 set n 8 recall output-print""output-write sublist list12 8 14 set n 6 recall output-print""output-write sublist list12 14 20 set n 6 recall ifelse length "MANDATE" = 7 and item 1 "MANDATE" = "A"[output-print""output-write "Comment: MANDATE length is 7 and letter A is shared. It solves clue 2"recall enter-12 output-print""output-write fput "MAN" remove-item (8 - 1)sublist list12 0 8 output-write"ASSOCIATED choice"recall output-print""output-write fput "DATE" remove-item (6 - 1)sublist list12 8 14 output-write"ASSOCIATED choice"recall][] output-print""output-write "puzzle 1 clue 5" output-print""output-write sublist list15 0 6 set n 6 recall output-print""output-write sublist list15 6 11 set n 5 recall output-print""output-write sublist list15 11 12 set n 1 recall ifelse length "SKIDPAN" = 7 and item 1 "SKIDPAN" = "K" and item 3 "SKIDPAN" = "D"[output-print""output-write "Comment: SKIDPAN length is 7 and letters K and D are shared. It solves clue 5"recall enter-15 output-print""output-write fput "SKID" remove-item (6 - 1)sublist list15 0 6 output-write"ASSOCIATED choice"recall output-print""output-write fput "PAN" remove-item (5 - 1)sublist list15 6 11 output-write"ASSOCIATED choice"recall][] output-print""output-write "puzzle 1 clue 3" output-print""output-write sublist list13 0 6 set n 6 recall output-print""output-write sublist list13 6 12 set n 6 recall output-print""output-write sublist list13 12 18 set n 6 recall ifelse length "TOWARDS" = 7 and item 1 "TOWARDS" = "O" and item 3 "TOWARDS" = "A"[output-print""output-write "Comment: TOWARDS length is 7 and letters O and A are shared. It solves clue 3"recall enter-13 output-print""output-write fput "TO" remove-item (6 - 1)sublist list13 0 6 output-write"ASSOCIATED choice"recall output-print""output-write fput "WARDS" remove-item (6 - 1)sublist list13 6 12 output-write"ASSOCIATED choice"recall][] output-print""output-write "puzzle 1 clue 6" output-print""output-write sublist list16 0 4 set n 4 recall output-print""output-write sublist list16 4 9 set n 5 recall output-print""output-write sublist list16 9 15 set n 6 recall output-print""output-write sublist list16 15 17 set n 2 recall ifelse length "RIPTIDE" = 7 and item 1 "RIPTIDE" = "I" and item 3 "RIPTIDE" = "T" and item 5 "RIPTIDE" = "D"[output-print""output-write "Comment: RIPTIDE length is 7 and letters I,T and D are shared. It solves clue 6"recall enter-16 output-print""output-write fput "RIP" remove-item (5 - 1)sublist list16 4 9 output-write"ASSOCIATED choice"recall output-print""output-write fput "TIDE" remove-item (6 - 1)sublist list16 9 15 output-write"ASSOCIATED choice"recall][] end to solve-puzzle-2 output-print""output-write "puzzle 2 clue 1" output-print""output-write sublist list21 0 9 set n 9 recall output-print""output-write sublist list21 9 16 set n 7 recall output-print""output-write sublist list21 16 19 set n 3 recall output-print""output-write sublist list21 19 23 set n 4 recall ifelse length "ABANDON" = 7[output-print""output-write "Comment: ABANDON length is 7. It solves clue 1"recall enter-21 output-print""output-write fput "ABANDON" remove-item (9 - 1)sublist list21 0 9 output-write"ASSOCIATED choice"recall output-print""output-write fput "BAN" remove-item (7 - 1)sublist list21 9 16 output-write"ASSOCIATING a choice"recall][] output-print""output-write "puzzle 2 clue 4" output-print""output-write sublist list24 0 8 set n 8 recall output-print""output-write sublist list24 8 16 set n 8 recall output-print""output-write sublist list24 16 18 set n 2 recall output-print""output-write sublist list24 18 19 set n 1 recall ifelse length "EBBTIDE" = 7 and item 1 "EBBTIDE" = "B"[output-print""output-write "Comment: EBBTIDE length is 7 and letter B is shared. It solves clue 4" recall enter-24 output-print""output-write fput "EBBTIDE" remove-item (8 - 1)sublist list24 8 16 output-write"ASSOCIATED choice"recall][] output-print""output-write "puzzle 2 clue 2" output-print""output-write sublist list22 0 3 set n 3 recall output-print""output-write sublist list22 3 5 set n 2 recall output-print""output-write sublist list22 5 6 set n 1 recall ifelse length "STEPPER" = 7 and item 1 "STEPPER" = "T"[output-print""output-write "Comment: STEPPER length is 7 and letter T is shared. It solves clue 2" recall enter-22 output-print""output-write fput "A STEPPER" remove-item (3 - 1)sublist list22 0 3 output-write"ASSOCIATED choice"recall][] output-print""output-write "puzzle 2 clue 5" output-print""output-write sublist list25 0 4 set n 4 recall output-print""output-write sublist list25 4 7 set n 3 recall output-print""output-write sublist list25 7 10 set n 3 recall output-print""output-write sublist list25 10 12 set n 2 recall ifelse length "SNAPPED" = 7 and item 1 "SNAPPED" = "N" and item 3 "SNAPPED" = "P"[output-print""output-write "Comment: SNAPPED length is 7 and letters N and P are shared. It solves clue 5" recall enter-25 output-print""output-write fput "SNAPPED" remove-item (2 - 1)sublist list25 10 12 output-write"ASSOCIATED choice"recall][] output-print""output-write "puzzle 2 clue 3" output-print""output-write sublist list23 0 9 set n 9 recall output-print""output-write sublist list23 9 15 set n 6 recall output-print""output-write sublist list23 15 21 set n 6 recall ifelse length "ADHERED" = 7 and item 1 "ADHERED" = "D"[output-print""output-write "Comment: ADHERED length is 7 and letters D and E are shared. It solves clue 3" recall enter-23 output-print""output-write fput "ADHERED" remove-item (6 - 1)sublist list23 15 21 output-write"ASSOCIATED choice"recall][] output-print""output-write "puzzle 2 clue 6" output-print""output-write sublist list26 0 4 set n 4 recall output-print""output-write sublist list26 4 9 set n 5 recall output-print""output-write sublist list26 9 11 set n 2 recall if length "NOTELET" = 7 and item 1 "NOTELET" = "O" and item 3 "NOTELET" = "E" and item 5 "NOTELET" = "E"[output-print""output-write "Comment: NOTELET length is 7 and letters O,E and E are shared. It solves clue 6" recall enter-26 output-print""output-write fput "NOTELET" remove-item (2 - 1)sublist list26 9 11 output-write"ASSOCIATED choice"recall] end ; The urge to solve the crossword by recalling memories. to recall if t > 83[clear-plot set t 0] ; "carriage return" of plot. ifelse n >= 10[set block true][ ; n >= 10 stops the model. ifelse block = true[stop][ ; avoids runtime error. ifelse n >= 3[set Em Em - (n * 0.002)] ; emotion is a function of steps [set Em Em + (n * 0.002)] ; 'n' taken to find an answer word. set d n + Em * 4 wait d ; simulating thinking delay. set Mon+1 Em * 4 * Mon * (1 - Mon) ; the expression to be iterated. set Mon Mon+1 set t t + 1 ; the iteration and time steps. plot-run ; the plot of Emotion & Motivation. ]] end ; The plot of Emotion & Motivation. to plot-run set-current-plot "Emotion X4 & Motivation X4" set-current-plot-pen "Emo" plot Em * 4 ; Emotion X 4 is plotted to enable set-current-plot-pen "Motiv" ; relating values to Verhulst's model. plot Mon+1 * 4 ; Motivation X 4 also. end ; ENTERING the answering words into the Crossword Puzzle display. to enter-11 ask patch -2 3[set plabel"N "set plabel-color 0]ask patch -2 2[set plabel"E "set plabel-color 0] ask patch -2 1[set plabel "C "set plabel-color 0]ask patch -2 0[set plabel"K "set plabel-color 0] ask patch -2 -1[set plabel"T "set plabel-color 0]ask patch -2 -2[set plabel"I "set plabel-color 0] ask patch -2 -3[set plabel "E "set plabel-color 0] end to enter-12 ask patch 0 3[set plabel "M "set plabel-color 0]ask patch 0 2[set plabel"A "set plabel-color 0] ask patch 0 1[set plabel "N "set plabel-color 0]ask patch 0 0[set plabel"D "set plabel-color 0] ask patch 0 -1[set plabel "A "set plabel-color 0]ask patch 0 -2[set plabel"T "set plabel-color 0] ask patch 0 -3[set plabel "E "set plabel-color 0] end to enter-13 ask patch 2 3[set plabel "T "set plabel-color 0]ask patch 2 2[set plabel"O "set plabel-color 0] ask patch 2 1[set plabel "W "set plabel-color 0]ask patch 2 0 [set plabel"A "set plabel-color 0] ask patch 2 -1[set plabel "R "set plabel-color 0]ask patch 2 -2[set plabel"D "set plabel-color 0] ask patch 2 -3[set plabel "S "set plabel-color 0] end to enter-14 ask patch -3 2[set plabel "M "set plabel-color 0]ask patch -2 2[set plabel"E "set plabel-color 0] ask patch -1 2 [set plabel "G "set plabel-color 0]ask patch 0 2 [set plabel"A "set plabel-color 0] ask patch 1 2[set plabel "T "set plabel-color 0]ask patch 2 2[set plabel"O "set plabel-color 0] ask patch 3 2[set plabel "N "set plabel-color 0] end to enter-15 ask patch -3 0[set plabel "S "set plabel-color 0]ask patch -2 0[set plabel"K "set plabel-color 0] ask patch -1 0[set plabel "I "set plabel-color 0]ask patch 0 0 [set plabel"D "set plabel-color 0] ask patch 1 0[set plabel "P "set plabel-color 0]ask patch 2 0[set plabel"A "set plabel-color 0] ask patch 3 0[set plabel "N "set plabel-color 0] end to enter-16 ask patch -3 -2[set plabel "R "set plabel-color 0]ask patch -2 -2[set plabel"I "set plabel-color 0] ask patch -1 -2[set plabel "P "set plabel-color 0]ask patch 0 -2 [set plabel"T "set plabel-color 0] ask patch 1 -2[set plabel "I "set plabel-color 0]ask patch 2 -2[set plabel"D "set plabel-color 0] ask patch 3 -2[set plabel "E "set plabel-color 0] end to enter-21 ask patch -2 3[set plabel"A "set plabel-color 0]ask patch -2 2[set plabel"B "set plabel-color 0] ask patch -2 1[set plabel "A "set plabel-color 0]ask patch -2 0[set plabel"N "set plabel-color 0] ask patch -2 -1[set plabel"D "set plabel-color 0]ask patch -2 -2[set plabel"O "set plabel-color 0] ask patch -2 -3[set plabel "N "set plabel-color 0] end to enter-22 ask patch 0 3[set plabel "S "set plabel-color 0]ask patch 0 2[set plabel"T "set plabel-color 0] ask patch 0 1[set plabel "E "set plabel-color 0]ask patch 0 0[set plabel"P "set plabel-color 0] ask patch 0 -1[set plabel "P "set plabel-color 0]ask patch 0 -2[set plabel"E "set plabel-color 0] ask patch 0 -3[set plabel "R "set plabel-color 0] end to enter-23 ask patch 2 3[set plabel "A "set plabel-color 0]ask patch 2 2[set plabel"D "set plabel-color 0] ask patch 2 1[set plabel "H "set plabel-color 0]ask patch 2 0 [set plabel"E "set plabel-color 0] ask patch 2 -1[set plabel "R "set plabel-color 0]ask patch 2 -2[set plabel"E "set plabel-color 0] ask patch 2 -3[set plabel "D "set plabel-color 0] end to enter-24 ask patch -3 2[set plabel "E "set plabel-color 0]ask patch -2 2[set plabel"B "set plabel-color 0] ask patch -1 2 [set plabel "B "set plabel-color 0]ask patch 0 2 [set plabel"T "set plabel-color 0] ask patch 1 2[set plabel "I "set plabel-color 0]ask patch 2 2[set plabel"D "set plabel-color 0] ask patch 3 2[set plabel "E "set plabel-color 0] end to enter-25 ask patch -3 0[set plabel "S "set plabel-color 0]ask patch -2 0[set plabel"N "set plabel-color 0] ask patch -1 0[set plabel "A "set plabel-color 0]ask patch 0 0 [set plabel"P "set plabel-color 0] ask patch 1 0[set plabel "P "set plabel-color 0]ask patch 2 0[set plabel"E "set plabel-color 0] ask patch 3 0[set plabel "D "set plabel-color 0] end to enter-26 ask patch -3 -2[set plabel "N "set plabel-color 0]ask patch -2 -2[set plabel"O "set plabel-color 0] ask patch -1 -2[set plabel "T "set plabel-color 0]ask patch 0 -2 [set plabel"E "set plabel-color 0] ask patch 1 -2[set plabel "L "set plabel-color 0]ask patch 2 -2[set plabel"E "set plabel-color 0] ask patch 3 -2[set plabel "T "set plabel-color 0] end @#$#@#$#@ GRAPHICS-WINDOW 15 293 305 604 3 3 40.0 1 18 1 1 1 0 1 1 1 -3 3 -3 3 CC-WINDOW 5 620 994 715 Command Center 0 TEXTBOX 27 60 165 269 CLUES Puzzle 1\n1.Fondle and bind together\n dresses a shirt.(7)\n2.Chess piece with a \n meeting instructs.(7)\n3.Too short with \n hospital rooms is \n in the direction.(7)\n4.A million score 100 for a \n very heavy weight.(7)\n5.Slide with kitchen utensil \n tests drivers.(7)\n6.Crossing currents in a\n short epitaph with \n upset diet.(7) PLOT 489 292 985 606 Emotion X4 & Motivation X4 time t depr'n mania 0.0 74.0 0.0 4.0 true true PENS "Emo" 1.0 0 -2674135 true "Motiv" 1.0 1 -16777216 true TEXTBOX 337 380 459 595 CLUES Puzzle 2\n1.Forsake from forbid\n embraced by a noble \n Spaniard.(7)\n2.A hoofer found in step \n perhaps.(7)\n3.Add around this place \n becomes stuck.(7)\n4.Make debit be a \n water retreat.(7)\n5.Previous speeding \n broken by brief \n sleep.(7)\n6.A message allowed is \n also shortened.(7) OUTPUT 179 10 985 274 BUTTON 339 317 449 350 solve puzzle 2 solve-puzzle-2 NIL 1 T OBSERVER T NIL BUTTON 31 10 141 43 solve puzzle 1 solve-puzzle-1 NIL 1 T OBSERVER T NIL BUTTON 312 285 395 318 reset display setup NIL 1 T OBSERVER T NIL BUTTON 400 284 481 317 clear all ca setup NIL 1 T OBSERVER T NIL @#$#@#$#@ WHAT IS THE MODEL? "COPYING and ASSOCIATING -2" continues exploring the extent to which the procedures of copying and associating may be in use in the brain of a creature. It illustrates how a cryptic crossword puzzle might be solved using words that have been COPIED into a memory with some regard taken for their ASSOCIATION, so that answer words and clue words are likely to be reasonably close together. As ever in these models the creature is considered to be motivated by the emotion resulting from perceiving when partaking in the activity. Further it assumes that the two or three associated parts of a solution to a clue are together in close proximity. It is considered that this parallel working, where it exists in creatures, could be responsible for outstanding development, for example, speech and language in humans. It is possible to comprehend parallel working as a means to selecting and assembling words for fast talking. THE MODEL. The model uses a limited memory containing the clue words and sufficient associated words for the demonstration. To solve the puzzle the first requirement is to examine the several clue words or phrases with their associations, and from these assemble an answer word of the required length that is associated with a clue word because it is near to it in memory. The second is a check that shared letters agree. Finally, to update the memory the answer word should be more closely associated by being moved closer to a clue word. THE PROCEDURES SPECIFIC TO THE SUBJECT ARE SMALL, most of the model is taken up with display and preparation for display. The model is given a degree of realism because the urge to solve changes with degree of success in completing the solution and for this purpose emotion and motivation are displayed. RUNNING THE MODEL. Answering YES at STARTUP brings the model to a state of readiness to run. The button SOLVE PUZZLE 1 runs that solution. The button RESET DISPLAY clears the crossword display but leaves the record of the solution along with the plot of emotion and motivation. The button SOLVE PUZZLE 2 runs that solution. The button CLEAR ALL clears all displays ready to run again. FURTHER READING (Previous and relevant NetLogo Models by the author were EMOTION & MOTIVATION, LEARNING & CREATIVITY and COPYING & ASSOCIATING-1) FR. 1 The Expression Of The Emotions In Man and Animals by Charles Darwin.1872. FR. 2 The Living Brain by W.Grey Walter. Duckworth, London, 1953. FR. 3 Mapping The Mind by Rita Carter. Weidenfeld & Nicolson, London, 1998. FR. 4 Emotional Intelligence, Daniel Goleman. Bloomsbury Publishing, London, 1996. FR. 5 The Emotional Brain, Joseph LeDoux. Simon and Schuster, New York, 1998. FR. 6 Phantoms In The Brain-Human Nature And The Architecture Of The Mind by V.S.Ramachandran and Sandra Blakeslee. Fourth Estate, London 1998. FR. 7 The Human Computer by Mark Jeffery. Little, Brown and Company, London, 1999. FR. 8 Consciousness-How Matter Becomes Imagination by Gerald M. Edelman and G.Tononi. Penguin London, 2000.(In the USA as A Universe of Consciousness. Perseus.) FR. 9 How The Mind Works by Steven Pinker. Penguin, London.(Also in the USA, W.W.Norton 1997) FR.10 An Anatomy of Thought, The origin and machinery of the mind by Ian Glynn. Weidenfeld & Nicolson, London, 1999. FR.11 Unweaving the Rainbow by Richard Dawkins. Penguin Press Science, 1999. FR.12 The Private Life Of The Brain by Susan Greenfield. Penguin, 2000. Derek Rush May 2009. @#$#@#$#@ default true 0 Polygon -7500403 true true 150 5 40 250 150 205 260 250 link true 0 Line -7500403 true 150 0 150 300 link direction true 0 Line -7500403 true 150 150 30 225 Line -7500403 true 150 150 270 225 airplane true 0 Polygon -7500403 true true 150 0 135 15 120 60 120 105 15 165 15 195 120 180 135 240 105 270 120 285 150 270 180 285 210 270 165 240 180 180 285 195 285 165 180 105 180 60 165 15 arrow true 0 Polygon -7500403 true true 150 0 0 150 105 150 105 293 195 293 195 150 300 150 box false 0 Polygon -7500403 true true 150 285 285 225 285 75 150 135 Polygon -7500403 true true 150 135 15 75 150 15 285 75 Polygon -7500403 true true 15 75 15 225 150 285 150 135 Line -16777216 false 150 285 150 135 Line -16777216 false 150 135 15 75 Line -16777216 false 150 135 285 75 bug true 0 Circle -7500403 true true 96 182 108 Circle -7500403 true true 110 127 80 Circle -7500403 true true 110 75 80 Line -7500403 true 150 100 80 30 Line -7500403 true 150 100 220 30 butterfly true 0 Polygon -7500403 true true 150 165 209 199 225 225 225 255 195 270 165 255 150 240 Polygon -7500403 true true 150 165 89 198 75 225 75 255 105 270 135 255 150 240 Polygon -7500403 true true 139 148 100 105 55 90 25 90 10 105 10 135 25 180 40 195 85 194 139 163 Polygon -7500403 true true 162 150 200 105 245 90 275 90 290 105 290 135 275 180 260 195 215 195 162 165 Polygon -16777216 true false 150 255 135 225 120 150 135 120 150 105 165 120 180 150 165 225 Circle -16777216 true false 135 90 30 Line -16777216 false 150 105 195 60 Line -16777216 false 150 105 105 60 car false 0 Polygon -7500403 true true 300 180 279 164 261 144 240 135 226 132 213 106 203 84 185 63 159 50 135 50 75 60 0 150 0 165 0 225 300 225 300 180 Circle -16777216 true false 180 180 90 Circle -16777216 true false 30 180 90 Polygon -16777216 true false 162 80 132 78 134 135 209 135 194 105 189 96 180 89 Circle -7500403 true true 47 195 58 Circle -7500403 true true 195 195 58 circle false 0 Circle -7500403 true true 0 0 300 circle 2 false 0 Circle -7500403 true true 0 0 300 Circle -16777216 true false 30 30 240 cow false 0 Polygon -7500403 true true 200 193 197 249 179 249 177 196 166 187 140 189 93 191 78 179 72 211 49 209 48 181 37 149 25 120 25 89 45 72 103 84 179 75 198 76 252 64 272 81 293 103 285 121 255 121 242 118 224 167 Polygon -7500403 true true 73 210 86 251 62 249 48 208 Polygon -7500403 true true 25 114 16 195 9 204 23 213 25 200 39 123 cylinder false 0 Circle -7500403 true true 0 0 300 dot false 0 Circle -7500403 true true 90 90 120 face happy false 0 Circle -7500403 true true 8 8 285 Circle -16777216 true false 60 75 60 Circle -16777216 true false 180 75 60 Polygon -16777216 true false 150 255 90 239 62 213 47 191 67 179 90 203 109 218 150 225 192 218 210 203 227 181 251 194 236 217 212 240 face neutral false 0 Circle -7500403 true true 8 7 285 Circle -16777216 true false 60 75 60 Circle -16777216 true false 180 75 60 Rectangle -16777216 true false 60 195 240 225 face sad false 0 Circle -7500403 true true 8 8 285 Circle -16777216 true false 60 75 60 Circle -16777216 true false 180 75 60 Polygon -16777216 true false 150 168 90 184 62 210 47 232 67 244 90 220 109 205 150 198 192 205 210 220 227 242 251 229 236 206 212 183 fish false 0 Polygon -1 true false 44 131 21 87 15 86 0 120 15 150 0 180 13 214 20 212 45 166 Polygon -1 true false 135 195 119 235 95 218 76 210 46 204 60 165 Polygon -1 true false 75 45 83 77 71 103 86 114 166 78 135 60 Polygon -7500403 true true 30 136 151 77 226 81 280 119 292 146 292 160 287 170 270 195 195 210 151 212 30 166 Circle -16777216 true false 215 106 30 flag false 0 Rectangle -7500403 true true 60 15 75 300 Polygon -7500403 true true 90 150 270 90 90 30 Line -7500403 true 75 135 90 135 Line -7500403 true 75 45 90 45 flower false 0 Polygon -10899396 true false 135 120 165 165 180 210 180 240 150 300 165 300 195 240 195 195 165 135 Circle -7500403 true true 85 132 38 Circle -7500403 true true 130 147 38 Circle -7500403 true true 192 85 38 Circle -7500403 true true 85 40 38 Circle -7500403 true true 177 40 38 Circle -7500403 true true 177 132 38 Circle -7500403 true true 70 85 38 Circle -7500403 true true 130 25 38 Circle -7500403 true true 96 51 108 Circle -16777216 true false 113 68 74 Polygon -10899396 true false 189 233 219 188 249 173 279 188 234 218 Polygon -10899396 true false 180 255 150 210 105 210 75 240 135 240 house false 0 Rectangle -7500403 true true 45 120 255 285 Rectangle -16777216 true false 120 210 180 285 Polygon -7500403 true true 15 120 150 15 285 120 Line -16777216 false 30 120 270 120 leaf false 0 Polygon -7500403 true true 150 210 135 195 120 210 60 210 30 195 60 180 60 165 15 135 30 120 15 105 40 104 45 90 60 90 90 105 105 120 120 120 105 60 120 60 135 30 150 15 165 30 180 60 195 60 180 120 195 120 210 105 240 90 255 90 263 104 285 105 270 120 285 135 240 165 240 180 270 195 240 210 180 210 165 195 Polygon -7500403 true true 135 195 135 240 120 255 105 255 105 285 135 285 165 240 165 195 line true 0 Line -7500403 true 150 0 150 300 line half true 0 Line -7500403 true 150 0 150 150 pentagon false 0 Polygon -7500403 true true 150 15 15 120 60 285 240 285 285 120 person false 0 Circle -7500403 true true 110 5 80 Polygon -7500403 true true 105 90 120 195 90 285 105 300 135 300 150 225 165 300 195 300 210 285 180 195 195 90 Rectangle -7500403 true true 127 79 172 94 Polygon -7500403 true true 195 90 240 150 225 180 165 105 Polygon -7500403 true true 105 90 60 150 75 180 135 105 plant false 0 Rectangle -7500403 true true 135 90 165 300 Polygon -7500403 true true 135 255 90 210 45 195 75 255 135 285 Polygon -7500403 true true 165 255 210 210 255 195 225 255 165 285 Polygon -7500403 true true 135 180 90 135 45 120 75 180 135 210 Polygon -7500403 true true 165 180 165 210 225 180 255 120 210 135 Polygon -7500403 true true 135 105 90 60 45 45 75 105 135 135 Polygon -7500403 true true 165 105 165 135 225 105 255 45 210 60 Polygon -7500403 true true 135 90 120 45 150 15 180 45 165 90 square false 0 Rectangle -7500403 true true 30 30 270 270 square 2 false 0 Rectangle -7500403 true true 30 30 270 270 Rectangle -16777216 true false 60 60 240 240 star false 0 Polygon -7500403 true true 151 1 185 108 298 108 207 175 242 282 151 216 59 282 94 175 3 108 116 108 target false 0 Circle -7500403 true true 0 0 300 Circle -16777216 true false 30 30 240 Circle -7500403 true true 60 60 180 Circle -16777216 true false 90 90 120 Circle -7500403 true true 120 120 60 tree false 0 Circle -7500403 true true 118 3 94 Rectangle -6459832 true false 120 195 180 300 Circle -7500403 true true 65 21 108 Circle -7500403 true true 116 41 127 Circle -7500403 true true 45 90 120 Circle -7500403 true true 104 74 152 triangle false 0 Polygon -7500403 true true 150 30 15 255 285 255 triangle 2 false 0 Polygon -7500403 true true 150 30 15 255 285 255 Polygon -16777216 true false 151 99 225 223 75 224 truck false 0 Rectangle -7500403 true true 4 45 195 187 Polygon -7500403 true true 296 193 296 150 259 134 244 104 208 104 207 194 Rectangle -1 true false 195 60 195 105 Polygon -16777216 true false 238 112 252 141 219 141 218 112 Circle -16777216 true false 234 174 42 Rectangle -7500403 true true 181 185 214 194 Circle -16777216 true false 144 174 42 Circle -16777216 true false 24 174 42 Circle -7500403 false true 24 174 42 Circle -7500403 false true 144 174 42 Circle -7500403 false true 234 174 42 turtle true 0 Polygon -10899396 true false 215 204 240 233 246 254 228 266 215 252 193 210 Polygon -10899396 true false 195 90 225 75 245 75 260 89 269 108 261 124 240 105 225 105 210 105 Polygon -10899396 true false 105 90 75 75 55 75 40 89 31 108 39 124 60 105 75 105 90 105 Polygon -10899396 true false 132 85 134 64 107 51 108 17 150 2 192 18 192 52 169 65 172 87 Polygon -10899396 true false 85 204 60 233 54 254 72 266 85 252 107 210 Polygon -7500403 true true 119 75 179 75 209 101 224 135 220 225 175 261 128 261 81 224 74 135 88 99 wheel false 0 Circle -7500403 true true 3 3 294 Circle -16777216 true false 30 30 240 Line -7500403 true 150 285 150 15 Line -7500403 true 15 150 285 150 Circle -7500403 true true 120 120 60 Line -7500403 true 216 40 79 269 Line -7500403 true 40 84 269 221 Line -7500403 true 40 216 269 79 Line -7500403 true 84 40 221 269 x false 0 Polygon -7500403 true true 270 75 225 30 30 225 75 270 Polygon -7500403 true true 30 75 75 30 270 225 225 270 @#$#@#$#@ NetLogo 3.1.5 @#$#@#$#@ @#$#@#$#@ @#$#@#$#@ @#$#@#$#@