NetLogo User Community Models

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## WHAT IS IT?

NetLogo Coin Toss Experiment - to study "the principle of a priori probability".

## HOW IT WORKS

In every go-loop, or tick, the random function is called to display either a head or tails of a Coin. An additional random call rotates the Coin by an arbitrary angle to give the likeness of a coin toss. Connection of the Coin, the agent, to it's next state is entirely random and therefore has no connection with it's earlier state. (Subject to the limitations of the random function.)

## HOW TO USE IT
1. Clear all earlier states, information, displays, etc by hitting "Reset Tosses".

2. Click on "Toss Once" to toss the coin once. Observe the outcome is the Netlogo World. Obsever monitors and graphs. Keep clicking on "Toss Once" and keep observing the outcomes. Once you have got an understanding to the displays on the monitors and graphs, you can click on "Keep Tossing" and observe the outcome of a large number of tosses. Its good to observe a million or so tosses.

### Monitors to observe
- "Total Heads" (or "Total Tails", or "Total Tosses") monitor display the total number of Heads (or Tails, or the Total number of Tosses) executed so far.

- "H-T Difference" monitor displays the diffference between Heads to Tails outcome.

- "% of Heads" (or "% of Tails") display the percentage of Heads (or Tails) outcome.

## THINGS TO NOTICE

- As the number of tosses increase, the ratio of a "Heads" (or "Tails") approach 50% of the total number of tosses.

- Sometimes you may observe a large inequality (maybe about 1,000) between "Heads" and "Tails" outcome. But such differences are small compared to the total number of tosses.

## THINGS TO TRY

Run the Experiment a few times, each time for about 1000000 ticks. Observe the "H-T Difference" and also the plot which should taper out at 50% for both Heads (or Tails).

## HOW TO CITE

If you mention this model or the NetLogo software in a publication, we ask that you include the citations below.

For the model itself:

* Borah, A. (2023). NetLogo Coin-Toss Model, Mokokchung, Nagaland.

Please cite the NetLogo software as:

* Wilensky, U. (1999). NetLogo. http://ccl.northwestern.edu/netlogo/. Center for Connected Learning and Computer-Based Modeling, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL.

## REFERENCES

1. Law of Large Numbers. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Law_of_large_numbers
2. Fundamental Postulate of Statistical Physics. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Statistical_mechanics#Fundamental_postulate

## COPYRIGHT AND LICENSE

- Licence: Free to Copy, Modify and Distribute.
- Original Creator: Abhijit Borah, Mokokchung, Nagaland. 25th February, 2023.