globals [ p_deforestation p_reforestation p_industry_generate_co2 p_industrialize p_remove_industry ] breed [CO2industries CO2i] breed [CO2nature CO2n] breed [industries industry] breed [trees tree] to setup ;load the initial configuration clear-all set-default-shape industries "industry" set-default-shape trees "tree" set-default-shape CO2industries "cloud" set-default-shape CO2nature "cloud2" ask patches[ ;assign colors to the world if(pycor) >= 0 [set pcolor blue] if(pycor) >= 0 and (pycor) <= max-pycor / 3 [set pcolor green] ] add-co2-nature CO2_Initial ;quantity de co2 initially add-industry Industries_Initial ;quantity de industries initially add-tree Trees_Initial ;quantity de trees initially initial_config ;default values reset-ticks end ;----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- to initial_config ;default values of sliders set CO2_Initial 10 set Trees_Initial 460 set Industries_Initial 10 set Probability_Deforestation 19.72 set Probability_Reforestation 4.2 set Probability_Industrialize 10.21 set Probability_Remove_Industry 2 set Probability_Industry_Generate_CO2 10 end to go ask CO2industries [ ;CO2 is removed when it touches a tree if any? trees-on neighbors [ die ] ] set p_deforestation (Probability_Deforestation * 0.01) ;if random-float 1 > 0.8028 [ ;19.72% Deforestation probability if random-float 1 <= p_deforestation [ ;19.72% Deforestation probability remove-tree ] set p_reforestation (Probability_Reforestation * 0.01) ;if random-float 1 > 0.958 [ ;4.2% Reforestation probability if random-float 1 <= p_reforestation [ ;4.2% Reforestation probability add-tree 1 ] set p_industrialize (Probability_Industrialize * 0.01) ;if random-float 1 > 0.8979 [ ;10.21% probability of industrializing if random-float 1 <= p_industrialize [ ;10.21% probability of industrializing add-industry 1 ] set p_remove_industry (Probability_Remove_Industry * 0.01) ;if random-float 1 > 0.98 [ ;2% probability of removing an industry if random-float 1 <= p_remove_industry [ ;2% probability of removing an industry remove-industry ] ask industries [add-co2-industry] ;we call the procedure to create the CO2 particles from the industries ask CO2industries [move-CO2-i] ;we call a procedure to move CO2 particles created from industries ask CO2industries [move-CO2-n] ;we call a procedure to move the particles of natural CO2 set-current-plot "CO2" ;we graph the changes in the amount of CO2 tick end ;----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- to add-tree [cant] ;create a tree and place it on the ground if count trees <= 2000 [ ;we limit the amount of CO2 ifelse cant + count trees > 2000[ ;limit the amount of trees that are added (2000) repeat cant - ((cant + count trees) - 2000) [ create-trees 1 [(set size 6) (setxy random-xcor random 20)] ] ] [ repeat cant [ create-trees 1 [(set size 6) (setxy random-xcor random 20)] ] ] ] end to add-industry [cant] ;create a industry and place it on the ground if count industries <= 1300 [ ;we limit the amount of industries ifelse cant + count industries > 1300[ ;limit the amount of industries that are added (1300) repeat cant - ((cant + count industries) - 1300) [ create-industries 1 [(set color white)(set size 5) (setxy random-xcor 30)] repeat 1[remove-tree] ] ] [ repeat cant[ create-industries 1 [(set color white)(set size 5) (setxy random-xcor 30)] repeat 1 [remove-tree] ] ] ] end to add-co2-nature [cant] ;create natural CO2 repeat cant [ create-CO2nature 1 [ set size 1 set xcor random-pxcor set ycor random-pycor ] ] end to add-co2-industry ;create CO2 generated by industries set p_industry_generate_co2 (Probability_Industry_Generate_CO2 * 0.01) ;if random-float 1 > 0.9 [ ;10% probability that the industry generates co2 if random-float 1 < p_industry_generate_co2 [ ;10% probability that the industry generates co2 hatch-CO2industries 1 [ ;creates a new co2 particle by industry set size 1 ] ] end to remove-industry ;remove industry if any? industries [ ask one-of industries [ die ] ] end to remove-tree ;remove tree if any? trees [ ask one-of trees [ die ] ] ;if we remove a tree, an industry is added end ;----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- to move-CO2-i ask CO2industries [ ;we make the CO2 move let dist 0.5 ifelse can-move? dist [ fd dist ] [ set heading 180 - heading rt random 45 fd dist ] ;rt 90 ;turn right ;patch-ahead ;what's in front of the turtle (distance) ;fd 0.5 ;advances CO2 forward ] end to move-CO2-n ask CO2nature [ ;we make the CO2 move let dist 0.5 ifelse can-move? dist [ fd dist ] [ set heading 180 - heading fd dist rt random 45] ] end ;----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- to update-cant ;we update the amount of trees, industries and co2 (values come from the sliders) add-tree (Add_Trees) add-industry (Add_Industries) add-co2-nature (Add_CO2) set Add_Trees 0 set Add_Industries 0 set Add_CO2 0 set-current-plot "CO2" end ;----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- @#$#@#$#@ GRAPHICS-WINDOW 307 35 775 504 -1 -1 4.5545 1 10 1 1 1 0 0 0 1 0 100 0 100 0 0 1 ticks 30.0 BUTTON 171 73 286 148 GO go T 1 T OBSERVER NIL NIL NIL NIL 1 BUTTON 170 33 286 68 SETUP setup NIL 1 T OBSERVER NIL NIL NIL NIL 1 BUTTON 559 514 658 547 ADD INDUSTRY add-industry 1\n NIL 1 T OBSERVER NIL NIL NIL NIL 1 BUTTON 309 515 392 548 ADD TREE add-tree 1 NIL 1 T OBSERVER NIL NIL NIL NIL 1 PLOT 786 36 1252 503 CO2 NIL NIL 0.0 1.0 0.0 777.0 true false "" "" PENS "default" 1.0 0 -16777216 true "" ";plot ((count CO2industries + count CO2nature) * 100 ) / 6667\nplot ((count CO2industries + count CO2nature) )" SLIDER 174 359 290 392 Add_Industries Add_Industries 0 100 0.0 1 1 NIL HORIZONTAL SLIDER 174 394 290 427 Add_Trees Add_Trees 0 100 0.0 1 1 NIL HORIZONTAL MONITOR 13 456 155 501 CO2 count CO2industries + count CO2nature 3 1 11 MONITOR 11 358 155 403 Trees count trees 3 1 11 MONITOR 12 407 155 452 Industries count industries 3 1 11 SLIDER 175 429 290 462 Add_CO2 Add_CO2 0 100 0.0 1 1 NIL HORIZONTAL BUTTON 660 514 775 547 REMOVE INDUSTRY remove-industry NIL 1 T OBSERVER NIL NIL NIL NIL 1 BUTTON 394 515 492 548 REMOVE TREE remove-tree NIL 1 T OBSERVER NIL NIL NIL NIL 1 BUTTON 176 468 291 501 UPDATE update-cant NIL 1 T OBSERVER NIL NIL NIL NIL 1 SLIDER 6 34 144 67 CO2_Initial CO2_Initial 0 100 10.0 1 1 NIL HORIZONTAL SLIDER 6 74 145 107 Trees_Initial Trees_Initial 0 500 460.0 1 1 NIL HORIZONTAL SLIDER 7 114 146 147 Industries_Initial Industries_Initial 0 100 10.0 1 1 NIL HORIZONTAL SLIDER 7 158 286 191 Probability_Deforestation Probability_Deforestation 0 100 19.72 0.01 1 % HORIZONTAL SLIDER 8 194 286 227 Probability_Reforestation Probability_Reforestation 0 100 4.2 0.01 1 % HORIZONTAL SLIDER 8 231 287 264 Probability_Industrialize Probability_Industrialize 0 100 10.21 0.01 1 % HORIZONTAL SLIDER 8 268 287 301 Probability_Remove_Industry Probability_Remove_Industry 0 100 2.0 0.01 1 % HORIZONTAL SLIDER 8 305 288 338 Probability_Industry_Generate_CO2 Probability_Industry_Generate_CO2 0 100 10.0 0.01 1 % HORIZONTAL @#$#@#$#@ ## WHAT IS IT? This is a model that simulates the flow of carbon dioxide (CO2). It shows the surface of the earth as green and on this strip there is a blue atmosphere. Industries, trees and CO2 molecules can be added or eliminated in the model. The model is intended to visualize the effect of human activities on the amount of CO2. ## HOW IT WORKS The industries generate CO2. There is a likelihood that when an industry is created, a tree(s) will disappear. CO2 disappears when it is absorbed by trees. ## HOW TO USE IT 1. Press the SETUP button to configure. 2. Press the GO button to execute the model. Before or during the execution - You can modify the initial amount of CO2, trees and industries that will be at the beginning of the execution. - You can add and remove industries with the ADD INDUSTRY and REMOVE INDUSTRY buttons. - You can add and remove trees with ADD TREE and REMOVE TREE buttons (trees absorb CO2). - You can also add industries, trees and CO2 with the sliders: Add_Industries, Add_Trees and Add_CO2 (the amount is between 0 and 100), and then press UPDATE. - You can modify the probabilities (%) of occurrence of certain factors that affect the amount of CO2 in the atmosphere (probability of deforestation, reforestation, industrialization, elimination of industries and the probability that an industry generates CO2) with the most elongated sliders of the model. The amount of CO2 is related to the number of industries, trees and CO2 molecules. The fewer the trees, the more industries and more CO2 molecules are observed, the greater the amount of CO2. ## THINGS TO NOTICE Observe how the view of the world changes after executing the simulation, how CO2 is created from industries, how trees eliminate CO2 particles, how a tree is eliminated at the time an industry is created, and how to probabilistically: - Industries are added and eliminated. - Trees are added and eliminated (reforestation and deforestation). - CO2 is generated from the industries. In the monitors you can see the amount of CO2, trees and industries that currently exist in the simulated world. On the other hand, the graph on the right shows the change in the amount of CO2 with respect to time. ## THINGS TO TRY Change the values โ€‹โ€‹of the sliders to add new industries, trees and CO2 molecules in quantities of 0 to 100. To see the changes in the world view press UPDATE. To see different behaviors in the model, it is recommended to modify the probabilities of occurrence (sliders) for the five factors: probability of deforestation, reforestation, industrialization, removal of industries and finally the probability of CO2 generation by an industry. You can also try changing the initial conditions for the amount of CO2, number of trees and number of industries. The sliders can be modified at run time to see the changes in real time (except for the sliders: CO2_Initial, Trees_Initial and Industries_Initial, which are modified before starting the execution of the simulation). You can optionally add industries and trees one by one by pressing the ADD INDUSTRY and ADD TREE buttons, as well as remove industries and trees by pressing the REMOVE INDUSTRY and REMOVE TREE buttons respectively. ## EXTENDING THE MODEL Implement the use of the mouse to interact with the view, add or remove turtles by clicking. Add new variables that affect the behavior of CO2 or add restrictions for existing variables. Change the probabilities of deforestation, reforestation, industrialization and remove industry in the GO procedure. Also change the probability that the industry generates CO2 in the ADD-CO2-INDUSTRY process. Observe its effect on the model. ## NETLOGO FEATURES This model uses the Turtle Shapes Editor for the creation of trees, industries and CO2 molecules. Certain characteristics of the turtles in Netlogo were modified. ## RELATED MODELS Earth Science โ†’ Climate Change ## CREDITS AND REFERENCES Data of involved variables: - http://www.conaf.cl/nuestros-bosques/bosques-en-chile/catastro-vegetacional/ - http://www.conaf.cl/nuestros-bosques/bosques-en-chile/estadisticas-forestales/ - http://www.ine.cl/estadisticas/medioambiente/informes-anuales - https://datos.bancomundial.org/indicador/EN.ATM.CO2E.PC?locations=CL @#$#@#$#@ default true 0 Polygon -7500403 true true 150 5 40 250 150 205 260 250 airplane true 0 Polygon -7500403 true true 150 0 135 15 120 60 120 105 15 165 15 195 120 180 135 240 105 270 120 285 150 270 180 285 210 270 165 240 180 180 285 195 285 165 180 105 180 60 165 15 arrow true 0 Polygon -7500403 true true 150 0 0 150 105 150 105 293 195 293 195 150 300 150 box false 0 Polygon -7500403 true true 150 285 285 225 285 75 150 135 Polygon -7500403 true true 150 135 15 75 150 15 285 75 Polygon -7500403 true true 15 75 15 225 150 285 150 135 Line -16777216 false 150 285 150 135 Line -16777216 false 150 135 15 75 Line -16777216 false 150 135 285 75 bug true 0 Circle -7500403 true true 96 182 108 Circle -7500403 true true 110 127 80 Circle -7500403 true true 110 75 80 Line -7500403 true 150 100 80 30 Line -7500403 true 150 100 220 30 butterfly true 0 Polygon -7500403 true true 150 165 209 199 225 225 225 255 195 270 165 255 150 240 Polygon -7500403 true true 150 165 89 198 75 225 75 255 105 270 135 255 150 240 Polygon -7500403 true true 139 148 100 105 55 90 25 90 10 105 10 135 25 180 40 195 85 194 139 163 Polygon -7500403 true true 162 150 200 105 245 90 275 90 290 105 290 135 275 180 260 195 215 195 162 165 Polygon -16777216 true false 150 255 135 225 120 150 135 120 150 105 165 120 180 150 165 225 Circle -16777216 true false 135 90 30 Line -16777216 false 150 105 195 60 Line -16777216 false 150 105 105 60 car false 0 Polygon -7500403 true true 300 180 279 164 261 144 240 135 226 132 213 106 203 84 185 63 159 50 135 50 75 60 0 150 0 165 0 225 300 225 300 180 Circle -16777216 true false 180 180 90 Circle -16777216 true false 30 180 90 Polygon -16777216 true false 162 80 132 78 134 135 209 135 194 105 189 96 180 89 Circle -7500403 true true 47 195 58 Circle -7500403 true true 195 195 58 circle false 0 Circle -7500403 true true 0 0 300 circle 2 false 0 Circle -7500403 true true 0 0 300 Circle -16777216 true false 30 30 240 cloud false 0 Circle -7500403 true true 28 103 94 Circle -7500403 true true 86 101 127 Circle -7500403 true true 51 51 108 Circle -7500403 true true 118 43 95 Circle -7500403 true true 158 68 134 Circle -16777216 true false 66 81 108 Circle -7500403 true true 90 90 90 Circle -16777216 true false 135 105 60 Rectangle -16777216 true false 195 90 255 105 Line -16777216 false 255 105 195 165 Rectangle -16777216 true false 195 165 255 180 cloud2 false 0 Circle -1 true false 28 103 94 Circle -1 true false 86 101 127 Circle -1 true false 51 51 108 Circle -1 true false 118 43 95 Circle -1 true false 158 68 134 Circle -16777216 true false 66 81 108 Circle -1 true false 90 90 90 Circle -16777216 true false 135 105 60 Rectangle -16777216 true false 195 90 255 105 Line -16777216 false 255 105 195 165 Rectangle -16777216 true false 195 165 255 180 cow false 0 Polygon -7500403 true true 200 193 197 249 179 249 177 196 166 187 140 189 93 191 78 179 72 211 49 209 48 181 37 149 25 120 25 89 45 72 103 84 179 75 198 76 252 64 272 81 293 103 285 121 255 121 242 118 224 167 Polygon -7500403 true true 73 210 86 251 62 249 48 208 Polygon -7500403 true true 25 114 16 195 9 204 23 213 25 200 39 123 cylinder false 0 Circle -7500403 true true 0 0 300 dot false 0 Circle -7500403 true true 90 90 120 face happy false 0 Circle -7500403 true true 8 8 285 Circle -16777216 true false 60 75 60 Circle -16777216 true false 180 75 60 Polygon -16777216 true false 150 255 90 239 62 213 47 191 67 179 90 203 109 218 150 225 192 218 210 203 227 181 251 194 236 217 212 240 face neutral false 0 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135 120 165 165 180 210 180 240 150 300 165 300 195 240 195 195 165 135 Circle -7500403 true true 85 132 38 Circle -7500403 true true 130 147 38 Circle -7500403 true true 192 85 38 Circle -7500403 true true 85 40 38 Circle -7500403 true true 177 40 38 Circle -7500403 true true 177 132 38 Circle -7500403 true true 70 85 38 Circle -7500403 true true 130 25 38 Circle -7500403 true true 96 51 108 Circle -16777216 true false 113 68 74 Polygon -10899396 true false 189 233 219 188 249 173 279 188 234 218 Polygon -10899396 true false 180 255 150 210 105 210 75 240 135 240 house false 0 Rectangle -7500403 true true 45 120 255 285 Rectangle -16777216 true false 120 210 180 285 Polygon -7500403 true true 15 120 150 15 285 120 Line -16777216 false 30 120 270 120 industry false 0 Rectangle -8630108 true false 76 194 285 270 Rectangle -8630108 true false 36 95 59 231 Rectangle -16777216 true false 90 210 270 240 Line -7500403 true 90 195 90 255 Line -7500403 true 150 195 150 240 Line -7500403 true 180 195 180 255 Line -7500403 true 210 210 210 240 Line -7500403 true 240 210 240 240 Line -7500403 true 90 225 270 225 Circle -1 true false 37 73 32 Circle -7500403 true true 55 38 54 Circle -1 true false 96 21 42 Circle -7500403 true true 105 40 32 Circle -7500403 true true 129 19 42 Rectangle -5825686 true false 14 228 78 270 Line -7500403 true 120 195 120 255 leaf false 0 Polygon -7500403 true true 150 210 135 195 120 210 60 210 30 195 60 180 60 165 15 135 30 120 15 105 40 104 45 90 60 90 90 105 105 120 120 120 105 60 120 60 135 30 150 15 165 30 180 60 195 60 180 120 195 120 210 105 240 90 255 90 263 104 285 105 270 120 285 135 240 165 240 180 270 195 240 210 180 210 165 195 Polygon -7500403 true true 135 195 135 240 120 255 105 255 105 285 135 285 165 240 165 195 line true 0 Line -7500403 true 150 0 150 300 line half true 0 Line -7500403 true 150 0 150 150 pentagon false 0 Polygon -7500403 true true 150 15 15 120 60 285 240 285 285 120 person false 0 Circle -7500403 true true 110 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262 207 258 195 230 192 198 210 184 227 164 242 144 259 145 284 151 277 141 293 140 299 134 297 127 273 119 270 105 Polygon -7500403 true true -1 195 14 180 36 166 40 153 53 140 82 131 134 133 159 126 188 115 227 108 236 102 238 98 268 86 269 92 281 87 269 103 269 113 x false 0 Polygon -7500403 true true 270 75 225 30 30 225 75 270 Polygon -7500403 true true 30 75 75 30 270 225 225 270 @#$#@#$#@ NetLogo 6.0.3 @#$#@#$#@ @#$#@#$#@ @#$#@#$#@ @#$#@#$#@ @#$#@#$#@ default 0.0 -0.2 0 0.0 1.0 0.0 1 1.0 0.0 0.2 0 0.0 1.0 link direction true 0 Line -7500403 true 150 150 90 180 Line -7500403 true 150 150 210 180 @#$#@#$#@ 0 @#$#@#$#@